[2023] New CDPSE exam Free Sample Questions to Practice
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NEW QUESTION # 51
A software development organization with remote personnel has implemented a third-party virtualized workspace to allow the teams to collaborate. Which of the following should be of GREATEST concern?
- A. Personal data could potentially be exfiltrated through the virtual workspace.
- B. There is a lack of privacy awareness and training among remote personnel.
- C. The third-party workspace is hosted in a highly regulated jurisdiction.
- D. The organization's products are classified as intellectual property.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 52
An organization has an initiative to implement database encryption to strengthen privacy controls. Which of the following is the MOST useful information for prioritizing database selection?
- A. Asset classification scheme
- B. Penetration test results
- C. Historical security incidents
- D. Database administration audit logs
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The most useful information for prioritizing database selection for encryption is the asset classification scheme. An asset classification scheme is a system of organizing and categorizing assets based on their value, sensitivity, criticality, or risk level. An asset classification scheme helps to determine the appropriate level of protection or handling for each asset. For example, an asset classification scheme may assign labels such as public, internal, confidential, or secret to different types of data based on their impact if compromised.
Databases that contain higher-classified data should be prioritized for encryption to prevent unauthorized access, disclosure, or modification.
Database administration audit logs, historical security incidents, or penetration test results are also useful information for database security, but they are not the most useful for prioritizing database selection for encryption. Database administration audit logs are records of activities performed by database administrators or other privileged users on the database system. Database administration audit logs help to monitor and verify the actions and changes made by authorized users and detect any anomalies or violations. Historical security incidents are records of events that have compromised or threatened the security of the database system in the past. Historical security incidents help to identify and analyze the root causes, impacts, and lessons learned from previous breaches or attacks. Penetration test results are reports of simulated attacks performed by ethical hackers or security experts on the database system to evaluate its vulnerabilities and defenses. Penetration test results help to discover and exploit any weaknesses or gaps in the database security posture and recommend remediation actions.
References: Data Classification Policy - SANS Institute, Database Security Best Practices - Oracle, [Database Security: An Essential Guide | IBM]
NEW QUESTION # 53
Which of the following processes BEST enables an organization to maintain the quality of personal data?
- A. Updating the data quality standard through periodic review
- B. Encrypting personal data at rest
- C. Maintaining hashes to detect changes in data
- D. Implementing routine automatic validation
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 54
Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason that organizations need to map the data flows of personal data?
- A. To evaluate effectiveness of data controls
- B. To assess privacy risks
- C. To comply with regulations
- D. To determine data integration gaps
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Data flow mapping is a technique to document how personal data flows within and outside an organization, including the sources, destinations, formats, purposes and legal bases of the data processing activities. Data flow mapping helps organizations to assess privacy risks, such as data breaches, unauthorized access, misuse or loss of data, and to implement appropriate controls to mitigate those risks. Data flow mapping may also help organizations to evaluate the effectiveness of data controls, determine data integration gaps and comply with regulations, but those are not the primary reasons for data flow mapping1, p. 69-70 References: 1:
CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version)
NEW QUESTION # 55
An organization is concerned with authorized individuals accessing sensitive personal customer information to use for unauthorized purposes. Which of the following technologies is the BEST choice to mitigate this risk?
- A. Mobile device management (MDM)
- B. Email filtering system
- C. User behavior analytics
- D. Intrusion monitoring
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
User behavior analytics is a technology that uses data analysis and machine learning to monitor, detect and respond to anomalous or malicious user activities, such as accessing sensitive personal customer information to use for unauthorized purposes. User behavior analytics is the best choice to mitigate this risk, as it would help to identify and prevent insider threats, data breaches, fraud or misuse of data by authorized individuals.
User behavior analytics can also help to enforce policies and controls, such as access control, audit trail or data loss prevention. The other options are not as effective as user behavior analytics in mitigating this risk. Email filtering system is a technology that scans and blocks incoming or outgoing emails that contain spam, malware or phishing attempts, but it does not address the issue of authorized individuals accessing sensitive personal customer information to use for unauthorized purposes. Intrusion monitoring is a technology that monitors and alerts on unauthorized or malicious attempts to access a system or network, but it does not address the issue of authorized individuals accessing sensitive personal customer information to use for unauthorized purposes. Mobile device management (MDM) is a technology that manages and secures mobile devices that are used to access or store organizational data, but it does not address the issue of authorized individuals accessing sensitive personal customer information to use for unauthorized purposes1, p. 92 References: 1:
CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version)
NEW QUESTION # 56
Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when writing an organization's privacy policy?
- A. Ensuring acknowledgment by the organization's employees
- B. Using a standardized business taxonomy
- C. Aligning statements to organizational practices
- D. Including a development plan for personal data handling
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 57
From a privacy perspective, it is MOST important to ensure data backups are:
- A. incremental.
- B. pseudonymized
- C. differential.
- D. encrypted.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
From a privacy perspective, it is most important to ensure data backups are encrypted. Encryption is a process of transforming data into an unreadable form using a secret key or algorithm. Encryption can help protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data backups by preventing unauthorized access, disclosure, or modification. Encryption can also help comply with legal and regulatory requirements for data protection, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Encryption can be applied to data backups at different levels, such as file-level, disk-level, or network-level encryption.
Incremental backups, differential backups, or pseudonymization are also useful for data backup management, but they are not the most important from a privacy perspective. Incremental backups are backups that only copy the data that has changed since the last backup, whether it was a full, differential, or incremental backup.
Incremental backups can help save storage space and time, but they do not directly protect the data from unauthorized access or disclosure. Differential backups are backups that only copy the data that has changed since the last full backup. Differential backups can also help save storage space and time, but they also do not directly protect the data from unauthorized access or disclosure. Pseudonymization is a process of replacing identifying information in data with artificial identifiers or pseudonyms. Pseudonymization can help enhance the privacy of data by reducing the linkability between data and data subjects, but it does not prevent re-identification or inference attacks.
References: Data backups 101: A complete guide for 2023 - Norton, Backup & Secure | U.S. Geological Survey - USGS.gov, The GDPR: How the right to be forgotten affects backups
NEW QUESTION # 58
Which of the following should FIRST be established before a privacy office starts to develop a data protection and privacy awareness campaign?
- A. Strategic goals of the organization
- B. Contract requirements for independent oversight
- C. Business objectives of senior leaders
- D. Detailed documentation of data privacy processes
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 59
Which of the following is the GREATEST benefit of adopting data minimization practices?
- A. Compliance requirements are met.
- B. The associated threat surface is reduced.
- C. Data retention efficiency is enhanced.
- D. Storage and encryption costs are reduced.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The greatest benefit of adopting data minimization practices is that the associated threat surface is reduced.
Data minimization is a privacy principle that states that personal data should be adequate, relevant, and limited to what is necessary for the purposes for which they are processed. Data minimization helps to protect data privacy by reducing the amount and type of personal data that are collected, stored, processed, or shared by an organization. This in turn reduces the exposure of personal data to potential threats, such as unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification, or loss. References: : CDPSE Review Manual (Digital Version), page 29
NEW QUESTION # 60
Which of the following is the MOST important consideration when writing an organization's privacy policy?
- A. Ensuring acknowledgment by the organization's employees
- B. Using a standardized business taxonomy
- C. Aligning statements to organizational practices
- D. Including a development plan for personal data handling
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The most important consideration when writing an organization's privacy policy is to align the statements to the organizational practices, because this will help ensure that the policy is accurate, consistent, and transparent. A privacy policy is a document that explains how the organization collects, uses, discloses, and protects personal data from its customers, employees, partners, and other stakeholders. A privacy policy should reflect the actual data processing activities and privacy measures of the organization, as well as comply with the applicable laws and regulations. A privacy policy that is not aligned with the organizational practices may lead to confusion, mistrust, or legal liability12.
References:
* CDPSE Review Manual, Chapter 1 - Privacy Governance, Section 1.2 - Privacy Policy3.
* CDPSE Certified Data Privacy Solutions Engineer All-in-One Exam Guide, Chapter 1 - Privacy Governance, Section 1.2 - Data Privacy Laws and Regulations4.
NEW QUESTION # 61
When is the BEST time during the secure development life cycle to perform privacy threat modeling?
- A. Early in the design phase
- B. During functional verification testing
- C. When identifying business requirements
- D. Prior to the production release
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The best time during the secure development life cycle to perform privacy threat modeling is early in the design phase, because this will help identify and mitigate the potential privacy risks and vulnerabilities of the system or application before they become costly or difficult to fix. Privacy threat modeling is a systematic process of analyzing the data flows, assets, actors, and scenarios of a system or application to identify and prioritize the privacy threats and countermeasures12. Performing privacy threat modeling early in the design phase will also help ensure that privacy is built into the system or application from the start, rather than as an afterthought.
References:
* CDPSE Exam Content Outline, Domain 2 - Privacy Architecture (Privacy Architecture Implementation), Task 2: Implement privacy solutions3.
* CDPSE Review Manual, Chapter 2 - Privacy Architecture, Section 2.3 - Privacy Architecture Implementation4.
NEW QUESTION # 62
To ensure effective management of an organization's data privacy policy, senior leadership MUST define:
- A. the scope and responsibilities of the data owner.
- B. metrics and outcomes recommended by external agencies.
- C. roles and responsibilities of the person with oversights.
- D. training and testing requirements for employees handling personal data.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 63
Which of the following practices BEST indicates an organization follows the data minimization principle?
- A. Data is only accessible on a need-to-know basis.
- B. Data is regularly reviewed tor its relevance
- C. Data is pseudonymized when being backed up.
- D. Data is encrypted before storage.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The practice that best indicates an organization follows the data minimization principle is that data is regularly reviewed for its relevance. The data minimization principle is one of the core principles of data protection under various laws and regulations, such as the GDPR or the CCPA. It states that personal data should be adequate, relevant, and limited to what is necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are processed.
By regularly reviewing the data they hold, organizations can ensure that they do not collect or retain excessive or unnecessary data that may pose privacy risks or violate data subject rights.
Data is pseudonymized when being backed up, data is encrypted before storage, or data is only accessible on a need-to-know basis are also good practices for data protection, but they do not directly indicate that the organization follows the data minimization principle. Pseudonymization is a process of replacing identifying information in data with artificial identifiers or pseudonyms. Pseudonymization can help enhance the privacy of data by reducing the linkability between data and data subjects, but it does not prevent re-identification or inference attacks. Encryption is a process of transforming data into an unreadable form using a secret key or algorithm. Encryption can help protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data by preventing unauthorized access, disclosure, or modification. Access control is a process of restricting who can access, modify, or delete data based on their roles, permissions, or credentials. Access control can help prevent unauthorized or inappropriate use of data by limiting the scope of access.
References: Data Minimization | Washington Technology Solutions, What Is Data Minimization? The Principles According to GDPR | 2BAdvice, Data Protection Principles: Core Principles of the GDPR - Cloudian
NEW QUESTION # 64
Which of the following is the BEST method of data sanitization when there is a need to balance the destruction of data and the ability to recycle IT assets?
- A. Data deletion
- B. Cryptographic erasure
- C. Factory reset
- D. Degaussing
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Cryptographic erasure is a data sanitization method that uses encryption to render data unreadable and unrecoverable. It is the best method when there is a need to balance the destruction of data and the ability to recycle IT assets, because it does not damage the storage media and allows it to be reused or sold. It is also faster and more environmentally friendly than physical destruction methods.
References:
* ISACA Certified Data Privacy Solutions Engineer (CDPSE) Exam Content Outline, Domain 2: Privacy Architecture, Task 2.4: Implement data sanitization methods to ensure data privacy and security, Subtask 2.4.1: Select appropriate data sanitization methods based on the type of data and storage media.
* What is Data Sanitization? | Data Erasure Methods | Imperva
NEW QUESTION # 65
A multinational corporation is planning a big data initiative to help with critical business decisions. Which of the following is the BEST way to ensure personal data usage is standardized across the entire organization?
- A. Develop a data dictionary.
- B. Encrypt all sensitive data.
- C. De-identify all data.
- D. Perform data discovery.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 66
Which of the following is the BEST way to manage different IT staff access permissions for personal data within an organization?
- A. Dedicated access system
- B. Role-based access control
- C. Network segmentation
- D. Mandatory access control
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 67
Which of the following is a responsibility of the audit function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements?
- A. Managing privacy notices provided to customers
- B. Establishing employee privacy rights and consent
- C. Validating the privacy framework
- D. Approving privacy impact assessments (PIAs)
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Validating the privacy framework is a responsibility of the audit function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements, as it would help to verify and validate the effectiveness and adequacy of the privacy framework implemented by the organization to comply with privacy principles, laws and regulations.
Validating the privacy framework would also help to identify and report any gaps, weaknesses or issues in the privacy framework, and to provide recommendations for improvement or remediation. The other options are not responsibilities of the audit function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements.
Approving privacy impact assessments (PIAs) is a responsibility of management or governance function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements, as they would have authority and accountability for approving PIAs conducted by project teams or business units before implementing any system, project, program or initiative that involves personal data processing activities. Managing privacy notices provided to customers is a responsibility of operational function in helping an organization address privacy compliance requirements, as they would have direct contact and interaction with customers and would be responsible for providing clear and accurate information about how their personal data is collected, used, disclosed and transferred by the organization.
NEW QUESTION # 68
A mortgage lender has created an online application that collects borrower information and delivers a mortgage decision automatically based on criteria set by the lender. Which fundamental data subject right does this process infringe upon?
- A. Right to be informed
- B. Right not to be profiled
- C. Right to restriction of processing
- D. Right to object
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The right not to be profiled is the right of data subjects to not be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal or similarly significant effects on them. The online application that delivers a mortgage decision automatically based on criteria set by the lender is an example of such a decision, as it affects the data subject's ability to obtain a loan.
References:
* What exactly is 'profiling' under the GDPR - DMA
* Can I be subject to automated individual decision-making, including profiling - European Commission
NEW QUESTION # 69
What type of personal information can be collected by a mobile application without consent?
- A. Geolocation
- B. Accelerometer data
- C. Full name
- D. Phone number
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 70
Which of the following provides the BEST assurance that a potential vendor is able to comply with privacy regulations and the organization's data privacy policy?
- A. Obtaining self-attestations from all candidate vendors
- B. Requiring candidate vendors to provide documentation of privacy processes
- C. Conducting a risk assessment of all candidate vendors
- D. Including mandatory compliance language in the request for proposal (RFP)
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Conducting a risk assessment of all candidate vendors is the best way to provide assurance that a potential vendor is able to comply with privacy regulations and the organization's data privacy policy, because it allows the organization to evaluate the vendor's privacy practices, controls, and performance against a set of criteria and standards. A risk assessment can also help to identify any gaps, weaknesses, or threats that may pose a risk to the organization's data privacy objectives and obligations. A risk assessment can be based on various sources of information, such as self-attestations, documentation, audits, or independent verification. A risk assessment can also help to prioritize the vendors based on their level of risk and impact, and to determine the appropriate mitigation or monitoring actions.
References:
* 8 Steps to Manage Vendor Data Privacy Compliance, DocuSign
* Supplier Security and Privacy Assurance (SSPA) program, Microsoft Learn
NEW QUESTION # 71
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